Photovoltaic off-grid power generation system ha e itšetlehe ka marang-rang a matla mme e sebetsa ka boikemelo, 'me e sebelisoa haholo libakeng tse ka thōko tse lithaba, libakeng tse se nang motlakase, lihlekehlekeng, liteishene tsa puisano le mabone a literata le lisebelisoa tse ling, ho sebelisa motlakase oa photovoltaic ho rarolla bothata. litlhoko tsa baahi libakeng tse se nang motlakase, khaello ea motlakase le motlakase o sa tsitsang, likolo kapa lifeme tse nyane tsa motlakase o phelang le o sebetsang, ho fehla motlakase oa photovoltaic ka melemo ea moruo, ho hloeka, ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, ha ho lerata le ka nkang sebaka kapa ho nkela disele sebaka ka botlalo. mosebetsi oa ho hlahisa jenereithara.

1 PV ea kantle ho gridi ea tlhahiso ea matla ea sistimi le sebopeho
Photovoltaic off-grid power system hangata e aroloa ka sistimi e nyane ea DC, sistimi e nyane le e mahareng e fehlang motlakase, le sistimi e kholo ea ho fehla motlakase kantle ho grid.Tsamaiso e nyane ea DC ke haholo-holo ho rarolla litlhoko tsa mabone tsa mantlha libakeng tse se nang motlakase;tsamaiso e nyane le e mahareng e kantle ho marang-rang ke haholo ho rarolla litlhoko tsa motlakase tsa malapa, likolo le lifeme tse nyane;tsamaiso e kholo ea off-grid ke haholo-holo ho rarolla litlhoko tsa motlakase metseng eohle le lihlekehlekeng, 'me tsamaiso ena e se e boetse e le sehlopheng sa micro-grid system.
Photovoltaic off-grid power system system hangata e entsoe ka li-photovoltaic arrays tse entsoeng ka li-module tsa letsatsi, lilaoli tsa letsatsi, li-inverters, libanka tsa betri, meroalo, joalo-joalo.
Sehlopha sa PV se fetola matla a letsatsi hore e be motlakase ha ho e-na le leseli, 'me se fana ka matla ho mojaro ka mochine oa motlakase oa letsatsi le inverter (kapa mochine oa ho laola inverse), ha o ntse o lefella pakete ea betri;ha ho se na leseli, betri e fana ka matla ho mojaro oa AC ka inverter.
2 PV sesebelisoa sa mantlha sa ho fehla motlakase kantle ho grid
01. Mekhoa
Photovoltaic module ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea sistimi ea ho fehla matla a "off-grid photovoltaic", eo karolo ea eona e leng ho fetolela matla a mahlaseli a letsatsi hore e be matla a motlakase a DC.Litšobotsi tsa mahlaseli le litšoaneleho tsa mocheso ke lintlha tse peli tse ka sehloohong tse amang ts'ebetso ea module.
02, Inverter
Inverter ke sesebelisoa se fetolang direct current (DC) hore e be alternating current (AC) ho khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa matla a meroalo ea AC.
Ho latela tlhahiso ea waveform, li-inverters li ka aroloa ka square wave inverter, step wave inverter, le sine wave inverter.Li-inverters tsa Sine wave li khetholloa ka katleho e phahameng, li-harmonics tse tlase, li ka sebelisoa ho mefuta eohle ea meroalo, 'me li na le matla a ho jara bakeng sa meroalo e inductive kapa capacitive.
03, Molaoli
Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa PV controller ke ho laola le ho laola matla a DC a hlahisoang ke li-module tsa PV le ho laola ho tjhaja le ho ntša betri ka bohlale.Litsamaiso tse kantle ho grid li hloka ho hlophisoa ho latela boemo ba motlakase oa DC le matla a matla a sistimi ka lintlha tse nepahetseng tsa selaoli sa PV.PV controller e arotsoe ka mofuta oa PWM le mofuta oa MPPT, hangata o fumaneha maemong a fapaneng a voltage ea DC12V, 24V le 48V.
04, betri
Betri ke sesebelisoa sa polokelo ea matla ea tsamaiso ea ho hlahisa matla, 'me karolo ea eona ke ho boloka matla a motlakase a tsoang ho PV module ho fana ka matla ho mojaro nakong ea tšebeliso ea matla.
05, Tlhokomelo
3 moralo oa sistimi le lintlha tsa khetho metheo ea moralo: ho etsa bonnete ba hore mojaro o hloka ho kopana le motheo oa motlakase, ka bonyane ba li-module tsa photovoltaic le matla a betri, e le ho fokotsa matsete.
01, moralo oa mojule oa Photovoltaic
Lethathamo la litšupiso: P0 = (P × t × Q) / (η1 × T) foromo: P0 - matla a tlhōrō ea mojule oa lisele tsa letsatsi, yuniti Wp;P - matla a mojaro, yuniti W;t - - lihora tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa tšebeliso ea motlakase ea mojaro, yuniti H;η1 -ke katleho ea tsamaiso;T -e leng karolelano ea lihora tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse phahameng tsa letsatsi, yuniti HQ- - nako ea maru e sa khaotseng ea nako (ka kakaretso ke 1.2 ho isa ho 2)
02, moralo oa taolo ea PV
Foromo ea litšupiso: I = P0 / V
Moo: I - PV controller control current, unit A;P0 - matla a tlhōrō ea mojule oa lisele tsa letsatsi, yuniti Wp;V - matla a lekantsoeng a betri pakete, yuniti V ★ Tlhokomeliso: Libakeng tse phahameng, molaoli oa PV o hloka ho holisa moeli o itseng le ho fokotsa matla a ho sebelisa.
03, Inverter e kantle ho grid
Reference formula: Pn=(P*Q)/Cosθ Ka foromo: Pn - matla a inverter, unit VA;P - matla a mojaro, yuniti W;Cosθ - ntlha ea matla ea inverter (ka kakaretso 0.8);Q - ntlha ea margin e hlokahalang bakeng sa inverter (ka kakaretso e khethoa ho tloha ho 1 ho ea ho 5).★Hlokomela: a.Meroalo e fapaneng (e hanyetsanang, e inductive, capacitive) e na le maqhubu a fapaneng a ho qala ho qala le lintlha tse fapaneng tsa marang-rang.b.Libakeng tse phahameng, inverter e hloka ho holisa moeli o itseng le ho fokotsa matla a ho sebelisoa.
04. Betri ea lead-acid
Lethathamo la litšupiso: C = P × t × T / (V × K × η2) foromo: C - matla a betri pakete, yuniti Ah;P - matla a mojaro, yuniti W;t - mojaro oa lihora tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa tšebeliso ea motlakase, yuniti H;V - matla a lekantsoeng a pakete ea betri, yuniti V;K - tekanyo ea ho ntša betri, ho nahanoa ka katleho ea betri, botebo ba ho tsoa, ​​mocheso o potolohileng, le lintlha tse susumetsang, ka kakaretso li nkoa e le 0.4 ho 0.7;η2 -inverter e sebetsang hantle;T - palo ea matsatsi a maru a latellanang.
04, Betri ea lithium-ion
Foromo ea litšupiso: C = P × t × T / (K × η2)
Moo: C - matla a betri pakete, yuniti kWh;P - matla a mojaro, yuniti W;t - palo ea lihora tsa motlakase tse sebelisoang ke mojaro ka letsatsi, unit H;K -coefficient ea betri, ho nahanoa ka katleho ea betri, botebo ba ho tsoa, ​​mocheso o teng le lintlha tse susumetsang, ka kakaretso li nkuoa e le 0.8 ho 0.9;η2 -inverter e sebetsang hantle;T -palo ea matsatsi a maru a latellanang.Taba ea Moralo
Moreki ea seng a ntse a le teng o hloka ho rala sistimi ea ho fehla matla a photovoltaic, karolelano ea lihora tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse phahameng tsa letsatsi li nkuoa ho latela lihora tse 3, matla a mabone ohle a fluorescent a haufi le 5KW, 'me a sebelisoa lihora tse 4 ka letsatsi, le moetapele. - libeteri tsa acid li baloa ho latela matsatsi a 2 a matsatsi a maru a sa khaotseng.Bala tlhophiso ea sistimi ena.